Table of Contents
1.
slide 1
2.
slide 2
3.
slide 3
4.
Two Major Calcium-Regulating Hormones
5.
Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone
6.
The Calcium-Sensing Receptor
7.
Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone
8.
Major Functions of Parathyroid Hormone
9.
slide 9
10.
Two Major Calcium-Regulating Hormones
11.
slide 11
12.
Major Functions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
13.
slide 13
14.
slide 14
15.
Useful Indices of calcium metabolism
16.
slide 16
17.
CAUSES OF HYPERCALCEMIA
18.
MAJOR CAUSES OF HYPECALCEMIA
19.
slide 19
20.
slide 20
21.
PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
22.
slide 22
23.
slide 23
24.
Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
25.
slide 25
26.
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein
27.
Circulating PTHRP Levels in
28.
Bone + + Brain + + + Heart + + + Kidney – + + Liver – – + Lung + + + Mammary gland + + Ovary + + Parathyroid + + Placenta + + + Prostate + Skeletal muscle + + + Skin + + Small intestine + + + Spleen + + Stomach + + + Testis + + Thymus + Urinary bladder + + Uterus + + + Vascular smooth muscle + + +
29.
Does PTHRP Have a Role in Normal Calcium Metabolism and Other Physiological Processes?
30.
Potential Physiological Functions of PTHRP
31.
CAUSES OF HYPERCALCEMIA
32.
Clinical Features of Hypercalcemia
33.
Factors That Influence Symptomatology
34.
Pathophysiologic Features of
35.
Pathophysiologic Features of
36.
At What Level Should Hypercalcemia
37.
General Management of Hypercalcemia
38.
slide 38
39.
Management of Hypercalcemia
40.
slide 40
41.
Bisphosphonates For Acute Hypercalcemia
42.
Useful Bisphosphonates in the
43.
slide 43
44.
Adverse Effects of Parenteral
45.
slide 45
46.
Adverse Effects of Pamidronate
47.
Zoledronate vs. Pamidronate For Hypercalcemia
48.
Management of Hypercalcemia
49.
Management of Hypercalcemia
50.
Plicamycin
51.
slide 51
52.
Adverse Effects of Plicamycin
53.
Management of Hypercalcemia
54.
Calcitonin For Hypercalcemia
55.
slide 55
56.
The Most Rapidly Acting Agents
57.
Combination Therapy For Hypercalcemia
58.
slide 58
59.
Management of Hypercalcemia
60.
Management of Hypercalcemia
61.
Hypocalcemia
62.
Hypocalcemia
63.
Hypocalcemia
64.
slide 64
65.
The Calcium-Sensing Receptor
66.
slide 66
67.
Human Disorders of the Calcium
68.
slide 68
69.
Human Disorders of the Calcium
70.
MUTATIONS IN THE CALCIUM RECEPTOR:
71.
Hypocalcemia
72.
Hypocalcemia
73.
MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY
74.
slide 74
75.
slide 75
76.
MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY
77.
Hypocalcemia
78.
Hypocalcemia
79.
VITAMIN D
80.
slide 80
81.
HYPOVITAMINOSIS D IN MEDICAL INPATIENTS
82.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IS COMMONLY FOUND IN
83.
Thomas MK et al. N Eng J Med 1998;338:778-783
84.
Hypocalcemia
85.
slide 85
86.
slide 86
87.
slide 87
88.
Hypocalcemia
89.
Management of Hypocalcemia
90.
Clinical Features of Hypocalcemia
91.
Clinical Features of Hypocalcemia
92.
Management of Hypocalcemia
93.
Emergency Management of Hypocalcemia
94.
Emergency Management of Hypocalcemia
95.
Emergency Management of Hypocalcemia
96.
Underlying etiology Oral calcium Oral Vitamin D
97.
Underlying etiology Oral calcium Oral Vitamin D
98.
CALCIUM CONTENT OF MEDICINAL SALTS
99.
CALCIUM CONTENT OF MEDICINAL SALTS
100.
slide 100
101.
Underlying etiology Oral calcium Oral Vitamin D Nutritional (400-800 IU daily) Pharmacological (>1000 IU day)